Imam Khomeini, the late founder of the Islamic Republic in his political outlook relied on several fundamental bases consisting of theology, fiqh, philosophy and 'irfan in a way that his intellectual frame regarding politics enjoys two types of structure.
The first is the attitude structure that plays a determining role and gives direction and line to politics.
The second is the inner structure of his political theory and viewpoint that constituted a set of political rituals and decrees.
In the first dimension, his reliance was on philosophical and mystical stress, while in the second dimension his attitude was jurisprudential and theological.
For instance, his look at rising up in the cause of God is philosophical and mystical. Therefore, in interpreting the Surah Hamd, he wrote :
"First is the station of rising. Everything begins from here; all questions start from where that revolt for God is. Man should revolt for God. stand for God, and wake up from this slumber. "
However, in the structure dealing with rules and decrees - the instruction of the political structure - enjoys jurisprudential and theological insight. For instance, at the beginning of his book Wilayat-e Faqih on the theory of wilayat-e faqih, we read:
"Wilayat-e-faqih is among the concepts that does not need any proof; its assumption testifies it."
Or on qualifications of a ruler of Islamic society based on jurisprudential attitude, he stressed two basic conditions: knowledge of law and reliance on 'Idalah.
By and large, politics from the viewpoint of Imam Khomeini is completely separate from what is accomplished in the frame of executive politics of worldly governments, particularly despots and tyrants. For instance, after release from prison, the Imam said:
"One of the persons whom I would not like to name came and said: Aqa (Sir), politics consists of telling a lie, deceit, tricks, ruses and in brief, mischief and let it be for us. I said: From the beginning we have not been involved in the politics you are describing."
In expressing politics and defining it, he farther said:
"By politics we mean the relationship between the ruler and the nation, the relationship between the ruler and other governments and preventing corruption. All of these are politics."
Of course, this definition of politics is in terms of subject but regarding its direction, goal and its values, he gave the following explanation:
"Politics is meant to guide the society and push it forward, brings into account all the interests of the society and all dimensions of man and the society and guides them towards what is to their interests."